Scientists at the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB) have created tiny “mirror-image” nanopores using synthetic peptides, a breakthrough that could transform early cancer detection and personalized diagnostics.
The research, published recently in Nature Communications, highlights these nanopores’ unique ability to mimic natural protein channels but with enhanced stability and selectivity. This opens new avenues for disease diagnosis, including cancer, as well as personalized diagnostics.
Led by faculty scientist Dr. Mahendran K R, the team developed these new pores called DpPorA. Engineered from mirror-image peptides—structures that are exact reflected counterparts of natural proteins—these nanopores are more durable and precise in their function. Computer simulations have confirmed their enhanced stability and specificity compared to natural protein pores.
Dr. Mahendran K.R., Principal Investigator at RGCB said, “With these advanced nanopores, we could detect a wide variety of biomolecules — from small sugar rings to full-length proteins. It opens the door for early detection of diseases like cancer and personalized diagnostics.”
Early cancer detection potential
One of the most promising aspects of this innovation is its application in early cancer detection. The nanopores ability to detect diverse biomolecules without requiring complex labeling or preparation steps may lead to faster and less invasive cancer screening through blood or plasma samples. Such rapid and accurate detection could be vital for early diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes.
Selective Targeting of Cancer Cells
The research team also found that these synthetic mirror molecules selectively damage cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. Prof. Chandrabhas Narayana, Director, RGCB said, “This innovation provides a versatile platform not only for cancer detection but also for potential therapeutic interventions. It is a leap toward the integration of diagnostics and treatments in a single technology.”
Broader Medical Applications
Beyond cancer, these nanopores could aid in wound healing, muscle repair, and immune function, according to RGCB Director Prof. Chandrabhas Narayana. The technology also shows promise for personalized diagnostics in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, where early and precise biomarker detection is vital for intervention.
Collaborative Effort and Support
The multidisciplinary project involved collaboration among teams led by Dr. Mahendran K.R. at RGCB, Dr. Harsha Bajaj at CSIR-NIIST, Dr. Ulrich Kleinekathofer at Constructor University Germany, and Dr. Radhika Nair at the Centre for Human Genetics in Bengaluru.
The research received funding from prominent Indian science agencies including the Department of Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology, Indian Council of Medical Research, and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research.
